Scientific journal
Scientific Review. Biological science
ISSN 2500-3399
ПИ №ФС77-57454

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SALMON RIVERS – HISTORY OF USE CURRENT STATUS AND PROSPECTS

Legun A.G. 1 Shustov Ya.A. 1 Tyrkin I.A. 2
1 Petrozavodsk State University n.a. O.V. Kuusinen
2 Northern Fisheries Research Institute Petrozavodsk State University Petrozavodsk
The material is presented in the form of a historical perspective on the development stages of the salmon rivers of man. After the arrival of man on the North, the first stage of salmonid’s using, which had no significant impact on populations, because fishing was conducted in trace amounts due to the small number of people and primitiveness gear. This lasted until the middle of 19th century – the century of industrialization. To this period withdrawals salmonids increased substantially. Fishing produced year-round, both in the river and in the sea with the use of special hardware. Subsequently added catch rafting and building dams for hydro power plants , which led to a complete cessation of reproduction of salmon in some rivers. If rafting destroys the abiotic environment, the dams blocking the path for migration to spawn producers. In the future, the situation has changed for the better – rafting was stopped by the end of the 20th century , and new dams on rivers are built with the possibility of migration for spawning salmon. However, to restore populations requires time and rational fishing. But in Russia, recently to talk about rational fishery is not necessary, and the main factor for the low numbers of salmon fish is poaching.