Scientific journal
Scientific Review. Biological science
ISSN 2500-3399
ПИ №ФС77-57454

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THE INFLUENCE OF TECHNOGENIC CONTAMINATION AT PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS CONTENT IN LEAVES OF BIRCH (BETULA PENDULA ROTH.) IN AN URBANIZING

Shavnin S.A. 1 Koltunov E.V. 1 Yakovleva M.I. 1
1 Botanical Garden Ural Department of Russian Academy of sciences
Chromatographic analysis of phenolic compounds from birch leaves in an urbanizing at different distance from thruway observed 51-54 compounds. We identified 15 phenolic compounds of total number (flavonoids, phenol carboxylic, hydroxycinnamic acids). Pairwise comparative analysis of samples from leaves of trees near thruway showed significant predominance of fractions with reduction in the peak compounds content 68.18%. Increase of phenolic compounds content was observed 31.82%. Comparative analysis of identified phenolic compounds showed similar trend. Number of compounds which inhibited activity, was 80%, with increased 20%. There are hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids dominated at composition of compounds with reaction of phenolic compound inhibiting synthesis. There is opposite trend showed chromatographic analysis of birch leaves on distance of 400 meters from thrurway. In 73.3% of phenolic compounds synthesis activity, increased and 26.7% decreased. Given the presence of phenolic compounds antioxidant activity, we assume that different reactions, reflects differences in their level of antioxidant activity. Based on this, most highly active were caftaric acid, myricetin, salicin. The composition of phenolic compounds that retain high activity only in moderate anthropogenic impacts include ascorbic acid, arbutin, 4-QCA, chlorogenic acid (5-QCA), caffeic acid, rutin and quercetin. Low antioxidant activity differed: gallic acid, ferulic acid, hyperoside, kaempferol , izoquercetin . Thus, results showed that in strong technogenic pollution zone subsystem of birch antioxidant protection, including low molecular weight phenolic compounds, is not effective enough, so that synthesis of most of these compounds inhibited. With moderate technogenic pollution activity majority of phenolic compounds synthesis in birch leaves increases significantly.